Taste & Texture
Strongly sweet, mild, and juicy. Cold temperatures increase sweetness and savoriness. Outer leaves are firmer; the pale yellow inner leaves are tender and especially sweet
Season
How to Choose
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Choose a heavy head with tightly packed, well-formed leaves.
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Fresh ones have pale-white cross-sections with tightly packed pale yellow-green inner leaves.
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For cut pieces, choose those with moist, fresh-looking cut surfaces.
How to Store
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Store whole heads wrapped in newspaper in a cool dark place or refrigerator.
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Cover cut surfaces of partial heads with plastic wrap and refrigerate.
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Use from the outer leaves inward to maintain freshness.
Nutrition Facts
ENERGY CONTENT
13
KCAL
Source: Standard Tables of Food Composition in Japan (8th ed.) 2020
Wholesale Market Data
MARKET INSIGHTS
Source: MAFF Wholesale Market Survey for Fresh Produce (2023)
Retail Price
Price Trend
Annual Average
¥267/1kg
Source: Statistics Bureau Retail Price Survey (2026)
Production Ranking
100% DomesticMap data: National Land Numerical Information (MLIT Japan)
Source: MAFF Crop Statistics / Agricultural Census (2023)
Top 5 Prefecture Harvest Trends (2018-2023)
Consumption Ranking
National Average (annual spending per household)
Source: Statistics Bureau Family Income and Expenditure Survey (2024, two-or-more-person households, prefectural capital cities)